R. Dodge Woodson/Lone Wolf Enterprises, Ltd.

www.lonewolfent.net

Replacing Existing Plumbing Fixtures with Water-Conservation Fixtures

            What is involved with replacing existing plumbing fixtures with water-conservation fixtures? Is it worth the cost of new fixtures to save some water? I have heard that low-flush toilets don’t work well, is that true? How much of the work can I do myself? These questions often come up when homeowners consider installing water-conserving plumbing devices. Short answers are simple, but there is more to these questions than what meets the eye.

            The manual labor required to switch over to water-saving plumbing devices is not extensive. Nearly anyone with basic mechanical skills, a few tools, and a spare afternoon on their hands can do the job. A shower head can be replaced in less than 30 minutes by most amateurs. Faucet replacement could take about an hour for a homeowner to accomplish. Replacing a toilet can be done by many homeowners in less than an hour. None of the jobs are lengthy or complicated.

            What is the value of water-conserving fixtures? If you pay for your water through a municipal system, there is a clear financial gain to be achieved when you use less water. If you get your water from a well with an electric water pump, you will save money on electricity and wear and tear on your pump when you use less water. There is also the reduction of wastewater that has to be treated to take into consideration.  Let’s look at a simple example of what you might gain in financial savings over the coming years. Old toilets often consume 5 gallons of water each time they are flushed. More modern toilets use 3 gallons of water. Most residential low-flush toilets use 1.6 gallons of water. Now think of how many times a day your toilet is flushed. Multiply that number by 365 to get your yearly use and compare the number of gallons of water that can be saved. If you are paying for your water by the gallon, it adds up. The same is true for shower heads that use 5 gallons per minute, 3 gallons a minute, or less. How long to you spend running the water in the shower? Do the math.

            Is it true that low-flush toilets don’t work well? This is a tricky question. In a new installation on a modern plumbing system that is installed in compliance with code requirements, the low-flush toilets work just fine. You can experience problems with low-flush toilets when they are used to replace toilets in homes that contain old, cast-iron piping. This piping is rough on the inside and rusts. Sometimes the piping is not installed with the pitch/slope/grade that current codes require. The pipe works fine when 5 gallons of water floods and flushes it. This same pipe trying to do the same job with 1.6 gallons of water can falter.

            If you have plastic drain pipes in your home, the low-flush toilet should be fine. A 3-gallon-per-flush toilet will usually work with older cast-iron systems, but a 1.6-gallon-per-flush toilet might not have enough force to work reliably with every flush.

            All in all, most homeowners can benefit, as can the environment, from the installation of water-conserving plumbing devices.

How plumbers and other contractors charge.

There are TWO basic methods of charging. Sometime we use a combination of the two. Most plumbers and contractors will charge by the hour (time + material) or they charge by the job (flat-rate) – sometimes referred to as “straight forward pricing”.These two charging methods have been around forever!  Which is better though and for whom? The two pricing methods determine who is taking that risk. When a plumber is charging by the hour the customer is taking the risk that the job could take longer or be more costly. When a “flat-rate” or contract amount has been agreed to in advance the plumber is taking that risk.Time & Material PRICING method for charging is typical & normal. Historically, plumbing repair services are charged by the hour and new construction work is bid at a contract dollar amount. If the customer feels more comfortable with a firm price they will ask for and get a firm price – once the plumber knows enough detail about the job to intelligently estimate the costs. The customers seldom know, however, that in order for the plumber to give a firm quote he must feel secure that he will not be working for free and he will bid accordingly in the higher range of anticipated cost. This is reasonable and prudent in order to avoid any misunderstandings later. In most cases a skilled plumber working by the hour can effectively estimate the final cost and can convey that information to the customer upon request. So it seems that time & material payment basis can optionally be converted to a “flat-rate” basis at the customer’s discretion (before the work begins).The question then is – what is fair? The fairest it can be is this – The consumer pays for what he gets and gets what he pays for, no more – no less. Consequently, the plumber gets paid for his time and his materials – again no more and no less. From a fairness point of view this is as good as it gets. Time & Material is the way to go with repair work, in my opinion, if you want a fair deal for both yourself and the plumber.  The only time this may not hold true is for a plumber (employee) that is paid commission off of the services he sells.  You can run into problems with this with the major nationwide chains.  So, simply ask the operator if their technicians are paid by the hour or by commission.  It is your right to know.FLAT RATE PRICING used to be called “contract price / straight forward pricing” Somebody needs to take a close look at where this flat-rate pricing originated.  The customer did not create these books.  There are mentor / advisory companies that sell pricing books telling the plumbing company what to charge for the services.  In most cases the price is off the charts.  To the best of my knowledge, it originated some time ago, and  the concept was this: Increase the labor rate significantly, increase the profit margin on all materials sold and make a lot more money. The problem with the concept was that if the customer was aware that the labor rate and the material cost was significantly higher than normal then they would not agree to pay for it. The solution was to mask the higher price of both labor and material until it was too late to find another option. This was done by simply not having an hourly rate. With no hourly rate the consumer can not price shop. Now the cost of the job could not possibly be known until the plumber had gotten into the house, racked up some kind of charges such as a “show up fee”, diagnostic fee” or “travel fee” – typically $100 to $125. Only then did the customer know the “flat rate” cost of the job. After the customer takes off work, waits for the guy to show up, and is already committed to the above minimum fee, he is hit with the whopper cost. The customer is now leveraged as he now must either accept the contract price, pay the $100 -$125 for nothing of real value – or go back to the phone book and call another unknown plumber. Neither option is very appealing to the customer in this position – damned if he do & damned if he don’t.The bottom line is this: flat rate pricing for residential service and repair work is intentionally designed to dramatically increasing both the customers’ cost and the contractors profit.Increasing profit is not a new business desire. What is new is the hiding of the cost from the customer until it is too late to do anything about it, and the total disregard for the traditional concept of truthfulness and fairness in customer relations.As a business owner,I love the idea of increasing my profits and having more money to sock away for my retirement. I just cannot justify the method of getting there. The flat rate pricing method tends to alienate the customers as they typically feel that they have been taken advantage of (and they have in many cases).As a contractor and a consumer, I see both sides of the fence.  I am feeling great pressure to raise the rate as my costs have increased at least dramatically. I am afraid however to raise my rates as my customers believe plumber rates are too high already (unreasonably I think, but I must consider them and how they feel about it). My customers do not know for example that our liability insurance has tripled in the last 3 years (with no increased risks I might add). Gas has gone up at least 65% as well. So I am vulnerable to the criticism I get from the flat rate marketers that I should be getting on their wagon as the business models they present insure my future business health, personal wealth etc.Flat Rate pricing means commission paid plumbers in most cases. Most flat-rate service companies pay their mechanics on a percentage basis (our own survey). Do you really want a commissioned sales guy diagnosing the nature of the problem and recommending a remedy? Wouldn’t you rather have a mechanic with no obvious conflict of interest telling you what will be required to remedy the problem? Who is most likely to oversell – a mechanic working by the hour or a salesman getting paid a commission? As a consumer myself, I prefer hourly mechanics as the only way they can cheat me is by taking a nap when I’am not looking or outright lying about how long the job took to complete.The obvious and not-so-apparent results of years of flat rate pricing 1. The general public is paranoid about calling a plumber out of the phone book.   (For good reason). 2.The average cost of plumbing service to the consumer has gone up dramatically, way beyond the cost of inflation – primarily due to the flat-rate. (Those of us on hourly have seen a dramatic drop in profits – leading to the conclusion that maybe these flat-rate shops are on to something) 3.The mechanics are poorly trained, as the bulk of most training is sales oriented. 4.There is little evidence that the plumber’s perspective is anything other than profit. If they do not up sell, they will not make what they would make if paid an hourly wage. 5.The pride of being a professional plumber is very lacking today. (I interview these guys all the time). Turn over is high within the flat-rate service shop due to burn-out from long hours and high stress. One guy I interviewed was fired from his last job for not making his $1500 a day sales quota (he claimed) at a flat-rate shop. 6.Customers rarely call twice making larger ads necessary in the yellow pages Full-page ads are common ($15,000 – $25,000 per month!) in the phone book. If you pay out this much to advertisers, there isn’t much left for payroll. 7.Small local shops are invisible, as they can’t compete with large advertisers for exposure. Small neighborhood shops mean lower overhead and best pricing to the consumer. 8.Liability insurance costs have skyrocketed for all due to poorly trained incompetent plumbers causing property damages. 9.Employers certify many plumbers with little regard for proper training or knowledge of the craft. They seem to be trained primarily to sell, as far as I can tell in job interviews).In Conclusion, I would say that the flat-rate plumbing shops cost the consumer more for most repair jobs than an hourly plumber. I believe that the hijacking of the service & repair plumbing trade by the unscrupulous sales & marketing professionals has had a great negative impact on the quality of the mechanics and the integrity of the trade as a whole.

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When talking with a plumber, ensure you are precise about the details. When will they be in a position to start? Will they be working on other jobs at the same time? Will they remove their rubbish when they leave?
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Our clean, professional plumbers will quote you a price, before we start the job.
* Drain Clogs
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if you’re in Long Beach and surrounding cities and have a blocked drain, blocked sewer, damaged toilet, clogged drain, clogged sewer, clogged toilet – don’t mess around with less experienced plumbers. Call your own Mr Rooter, the national name you trust to attend to all your plumbing needs.
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